Prof. Dr. Diego Lucci
American University in Bulgaria
https://doi.org/10.53656/phil2024-03-02
Abstract. In John Locke’s An Essay concerning Human Understanding, madness is described as “the association of ideas,” which consists in (mistakenly) associating ideas not inherently connected to each other. When criticizing religious enthusiasts for relying exclusively on “immediate inspiration,” Locke blamed them for engaging in the “association of ideas.” Thus, he considered enthusiasm as a sort of madness. This essay examines Locke’s analysis of madness against the backdrop of his “way of ideas,” thereby highlighting the specificity of his “ideational” account of madness in light of his theory of knowledge, his concept of faith as “assent,” and his notions of reason and revelation, which he regarded as complementing and assisting each other. The essay then concentrates on Locke’s view of enthusiasm as a form of madness and, thus, as divergent from “strict Reasoning,” which is employed for the purpose of using our understanding properly and directing our conduct appropriately.
Keywords: enthusiasm, faith, Locke, madness, reason, revelation
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