Prof. Dr. Milena Bratoeva
Sofia University
https://doi.org/10.53656/phil2024-01-04
Abstract. The present article examines two narratives from the epic Mahābhārata (MBh), focused on the topic of desire (kāma) and the relationship erotic – ascetic (kāma – tapas). The first one is about the horned ascetic Ṛṣyaśṛṅga (MBh, 3); the second – about the teaching of God Kṛṣṇa Vāsudeva to the king Yudhiṣṭhira, culminating in the “Song of Kāma” (MBh, 14).
Both narratives are interpreted in the perspective of Hindu ethics, whose
foundation is dharma, a key concept of Hinduism. The epics propagate an ideal
dharmic code of conduct, based on the so-called four life goals – puruṣārtha. One of
these four life goals is kāma – the realm of desires, emotions and sensual pleasures.
The present analysis aimed at introducing how, by activating the didactic-pedagogical and receptive potential of storytelling, are communicated fundamental behavioural norms and principles regarding the “correct” realization of the individual in the sphere of desires, which means not to kill/annihilate the desires, but to learn to grasp and manage them.
Keywords: desire (kāma); asceticism (tapas); dharma; Mahābhārata; The Song of Kāma (Kāmagītā); Ṛṣyaśṛṅga; Yudhiṣṭhira
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